منابع مشابه
Who Needs Sex (or Males) Anyway?
0001 If you own a birdbath, chances are you’re hosting one of evolutionary biology’s most puzzling enigmas: bdelloid rotifers. These microscopic invertebrates—widely distributed in mosses, creeks, ponds, and other freshwater repositories—abandoned sex perhaps 100 million years ago, yet have apparently diverged into nearly 400 species. Bdelloids (the “b” is silent) reproduce through parthenogene...
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It’s paradoxical that the time in your academic career when you most need support and advice — as a new faculty member — is also the first time at which there’s no-one else formally responsible for your welfare. As a graduate student you had an advisor. As a postdoc you were surrounded by your peers and probably overseen by the lab head. But now you’re on your own and, as you encounter the maze...
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Reinforcement learning (RL) models of decision-making cannot account for human decisions in the absence of prior reward or punishment. We propose a mechanism for choosing among available options based on goal-option association strengths, where association strengths between objects represent object proximity. The proposed mechanism, GoalProximity Decision-making (GPD), is implemented within the...
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Commentary Verbal autopsy has long been used to generate mortality data, often with the needs of specific programs, such as child and maternal mortality, in mind [1,2]. This led to a proliferation of instruments and the resulting data were rarely comparable across research sites or over time [3]. Demands for standardization led to the 2007 publication of the World Health Organization (WHO) verb...
متن کاملNon-Interference: Who Needs It?
The concept of non-interference seeks to characterize the absence of information flows through a computer system. The intuition is startlingly simple. Suppose that we want to assert that no information may flow from user A to user B via the system S. We characterize this by asserting that B’s view of S is unchanged by any alteration in A’s behaviour. It is thus asserting that A can have no caus...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Teachers and Curriculum
سال: 2017
ISSN: 2382-0349
DOI: 10.15663/tandc.v1i1.293